Catalogue

Background
Phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 (PAP2) was originally identified as a plasma membrane enzyme that catalyses the dephosphorylation of the putative second messenger, phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DG) [1]. Subsequently, multiple isoforms of PAP2 were cloned [2-5]. It was found that these enzymes dephosphorylate a number of lipid phosphates in vitro other than PA, including the potent bioactive lipids, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Therefore, they have been renamed lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs). Currently, there are four members of this family called LPP1, LPP1a, LPP2 and LPP3 [6].  S1P [7] and LPA [8] regulate the proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and migration of cells by binding to a family of G protein-coupled receptors. Thus, EDG1/S1P1, EDG3/S1P3, EDG5/S1P2/AGR16/H218, EDG6/S1P4 and EDG8/S1P5/nrg-1 are high affinity S1P receptors [7] whereas EDG2/LPA1, EDG4/LPA2 and EDG7/LPA3 have high affinity for LPA [8].  Recently, the over-expression of LPP1 was shown to limit LPA-stimulated signalling in Rat2 fibroblasts [9] and LPA-stimulated DNA synthesis in HEK 293 cells [10]. Similarly, over-expression of LPP1, LPP1a and LPP2 attenuate S1P-signalling to the p42/p44 mitogen activated protein kinase cascade [11].

Synonyms: Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 3, EC 3.1.3.4 Phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2b, PAP2-beta ,PAP-2b, PAP2b, Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase type 2b, Vascular endothelial growth factor and type I collagen-inducible protein, VCIP

Source
Rabbits were immunized with a unique peptide derived from the human lysophospholipid phosphatase 3 protein.

Product
Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.08% sodium azide

Product Form: Unconjugated

Purification Method: Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation

Concentration: See vial for concentration

Applications
This antibody can be used for Western blotting (10-15 µg/ml). Optimal concentration should be evaluated by serial dilutions.

Functional Analysis: Western Blotting

Positive Control: Transfected HEK-293 cells

Storage
Product should be stored at -20°C. Aliquot to avoid freeze/thaw cycles

Product Stability: See expiration date on vial

Shipping Conditions: Ship at ambient temperature, freeze upon arrival

Caution
This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals. It may contain hazardous ingredients. Please refer to the Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for additional information and proper handling procedures. Dispose product remainders according to local regulations.This datasheet is as accurate as reasonably achievable, but our company accepts no liability for any inaccuracies or omissions in this information.

References
1. Jamal, Z., et al. (1991) Plasma membrane fractions from rat liver contain a phosphatidate phosphohydrolase distinct from that in the endoplasmic reticulum and cytosol. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 2988-2996. 2. Kai, M., et al. (1997) Cloning and characterisation of two human isozymes of Mg2+-independent phosphatidic acid phosphatase. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24572-24578. 3. Roberts, R., et al. (1998) Human type 2 phosphatidic phosphohydrolases. Substrate specificity of the type 2a, 2b and 2c enzymes and cell surface activity of the 2a isoforms. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 22059-22067. 4. Leung, D.W., et al. (1998) Molecular cloning of two alternatively spliced forms of human phosphatidic acid phosphatase cDNAs that are differentially expressed in normal and tumor cells. DNA Cell. Biol. 17, 377-385. 5. Tate, R.J., et al. (1999) Molecular cloning of magnesium-independent type 2 phosphatidic acid phosphatases from airway smooth muscle. Cell. Signal. 11, 515-522. 6. Brindley, D.N & Waggoner, D.W. (1998) Mammalian lipid phosphate phosphohydrolases. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 24281-2428. 7. Pyne, S. & Pyne, N.J. (2000) Sphingosine 1-phosphate in mammalian cells. Biochem. J. 349, 385-402. 8. Kranenberg, O. & Moolenaar, W.H. (2001) Ras-MAP kinase signaling by lysophosphatidic acid and other G protein-coupled receptor agonists. Oncogene 20 1540-1546. 9. Xu, J., et al. (2000) Lipid phosphate phosphatase-1 and Ca2+ control lysophosphatidate through EDG-2 receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 27520-27530. 10. Hooks, S.B., et al. (2001) Lysophosphatidic acid induced mitogenesis is regulated by lipid phosphate phosphatases and is EDG receptor independent. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 4611-4621. 11. Alderton, F., et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 13452-13460.

Protein Reference(s)

Database Name: UniProt

Accession Number: O14495 (Human)

Species Accession: Human

Safety Datasheet(s) for this product: